目录

19_叹词

笔记向,文章内容源自视频:英语语法精讲合集 (全面, 通俗, 有趣 | 从零打造系统语法体系)

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概念

多数学者把感叹词定义为:负责表达情感的声音,单词,词组,也就是说,某个词或词组原本属于名词,动词等,但是如果它主要用于表达情感(即用来感叹),则也可以视作叹词。语言说到底就是为了交流和表达,所以按照用途来描述叹词,自然符合这一主旨。

下面就按照情感/用途说一下最常用的几类英语叹词interjections

分类

以下例句均出自影视对话片段

打招呼

hello,hi,hey,yo,hiya/‘haɪjə/(非正式喂,你好)

  • Hey, what’s up? Ah, nothing much.
  • yo, yo, flu-hating rapper. 唷,唷,反流感饶舌歌手

惊讶

oh,ooh,oh my god!Jesus!gee, oh my! huh?! wow, gosh,oh dear,dear me,oh my goodness,oh boy

  • Oh, my god. Oh, my god, Oh, my god, Oh, my god.
  • Wow. wow. And it’s definitely all gone? 哇.哇.真的完全都没有了?
  • Boy, oh boy. Oh, it’s only a matter of time. 哎哟,妈呀,要不了多久

犹豫

hmm,er,uh,um,erm,well,oh well

  • Well, well, well, look what we have here. 瞧瞧,瞧瞧,这是谁呀

高兴

ah! yeah! yay! hooray! aha! alas! Thank god!

  • Yah! Oh so you’re not, you’re not mad at us anymore? 呀!那你不再生我们的气了?
  • Thank God, thank god. How’s LJ and Sofia?

感动

aww

  • Aww. Bunny. 真可爱,小兔子

疼痛

ow,ouch/aʊtʃ/

  • Ouch! 好痛!

鼓励

yes! congratulations! congrats! bravo! come on(c’mon),attaboy

  • Bravo! Well done! Bravo! Congratulations, Mr Molesley. 好!太好了!恭喜,莫斯利先生.
  • Come on, come on, come on,come on.

赞同

yes, yep, ok, okay, indeed, cool, bingo, great, excellent, brilliant, fantanstic

  • Yep, yep, yep, yep, yep, yep 对,对,对,对,对,没错
  • Oh, brilliant. Absolutely brilliant.Well done, you. Thank you…干的漂亮.太好了,你真厉害

反对

no, nope, no way, nah

  • Nope, that, I, I guess, uh, that – that’s it. 没有,没,我觉得,应该就这样
  • Nah, nah, nah, nah, man. You know that… I can’t, I can’t do it. 不,不,不你知道的…我做不到。

确认

please?yeah?eh?right?

  • (接起电话)Eh?(打电话的人说)Oh, Bob, he was nothing compared to you. 嗯?哦,巴伯,他根本比不上你。

后悔

oops

  • Oops. Nobody told me it was uncrackable.

伤心

no, oh no

  • Oh, no! No, no, no. Don’t freak out. Don’t freak out. 不是吧,不是吧,别别别,别慌,别慌.

厌恶

eww, ugh

  • Eww. No. Then where – where is she? 呃,啥… 不是没有…那她在哪?

使注意

psst

  • Psst.Psst,psst. 嘶.嘶.嘶

使安静

Sssh

  • Ssh, ssh. Look after Rosie. 嘘,别说了,照顾好萝丝

不耐烦

oh man, duh, darn, damn, blah blah blah, yadda yadda yadda

  • Oh, man. Oh, man. I swear to god, I ain’t know he was gonna kill the man.

    美国人用“ain’t”很随便,应该是“are not,is not,have not,has not”的地方,他们也会“ain’t”一下就带过去,

愤怒

Jesus,for god’s sake, jusus christ, shit, fuck, what the fuck(wtf), what the hell(wth)

  • Christ. Jesus Christ! Wait. What does that mean, “pretty big?” 我的老天爷,蛮大的肿瘤是什么意思?

总结

注意,有些叹词其实能在多种情境下使用,表达不同的情感,比如oh既可以表示惊讶oh,也可以表示高兴oh,或者无奈,或者不耐烦,你可以理解为“一词多义”,也可以理解为叹词高度依赖语气,叹词往往也没有固定拼写,比如刚才说的oh还可以拼写为o,oh,ooh,表达犹豫等情感的uh还可以拼写为um,er,err。另外叹词有非常高的多样性,有的叹词往往被特定的年龄段,地区,阶层更高频使用。